{"id":"W1530378751","doi":"10.1002/0471264385.wei0521","title":"Prejudice, Racism, and Discrimination","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Handbook of Psychology","topic":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Prejudice (legal term); Racism; Social psychology; Psychology; Ambivalence; Stereotype (UML); Sociology; Gender studies","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002566183,0.0001498693,0.0003352193,0.0002183334,0.00008047142,0.000009337288,0.000188627,0.0006350518,0.005917772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007754383,0.0001506748,0.00006668614,0.0001099834,0.0009421168,0.00003114901,0.00001909406,0.0001536565,0.0001097581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001603549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003615051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006436538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002381617,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987558,0.0002957696,0.0002098525,0.0003336621,0.0001503044,0.0002545786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993787,0.00004971343,0.0002571512,0.0002003021,0.00003651285,0.000077638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001830756,0.00006976108,0.0002172144,0.00002398644,0.00004628337,0.000002590066,0.002186363,2.157521e-9,0.0001365676,0.01484132,0.9642776,0.01818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004064513,0.00009378936,0.0007853964,0.000165748,0.00003193997,0.000003052652,0.0002908797,5.293292e-8,0.00001527888,0.005734154,0.9923261,0.0001470916],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007741602,0.01114894,0.0008009198,0.0006066702,0.001936004,0.0002595905,0.00001323148,0.00006994689,0.9850873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001464135,0.02053532,0.00107698,0.00152327,0.0007124972,0.00004159243,0.00001554448,0.0001755944,0.9744551],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02804856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9949909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03123980116056592,"score_gpt":0.3927510791725715,"score_spread":0.3615112780120056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}