{"id":"W1532982466","doi":"","title":"Investor Protection and Equity-Holdings: An Explanation of Two Puzzles?","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Shareholder; Equity (law); Investor protection; Incentive; Monetary economics; Portfolio; Business; Stock (firearms); Stock market; Home market; Financial economics; Economics; Finance; Corporate governance; Microeconomics; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00217392,0.0006116903,0.0009609378,0.0008753822,0.000682579,0.003304713,0.001408504,0.00502538,0.02347059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008947412,0.0003246719,0.0009813411,0.001148242,0.002920666,0.006828558,0.002250411,0.002235994,0.001617376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001069774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008664873,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003188032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002104187,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995044,0.0001347679,0.00002154109,0.00009334351,0.00005755719,0.0001883021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941354,0.002460307,0.002084027,0.000528787,0.0002217282,0.0005698109],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002035661,0.0002330605,0.02106009,0.0002094341,0.0001003239,0.0007246248,0.0009087132,0.01337404,0.0006012918,0.9264532,0.007899164,0.02823242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001922306,0.00008175764,0.008893109,0.00009367553,0.0000567632,0.0003644186,0.0004071805,0.0162361,0.0002269402,0.9655977,0.007820296,0.00002982099],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5821892,0.01254161,0.07586489,0.2086206,0.0005426612,0.0001513996,0.001389369,0.000314429,0.1183859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864272,0.002234164,0.001391869,0.001829994,0.0003721473,0.00003326318,0.0001276709,0.00001661283,0.007566965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02347059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0785169,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02689528981996337,"score_gpt":0.2464107631723221,"score_spread":0.2195154733523587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}