{"id":"W1533215316","doi":"10.3386/w14926","title":"Does it Matter Who Has the Right to Patent: First-to-invent or First-to-file? Lessons From Canada","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Intellectual Property and Patents","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Political science; Law; Law and economics; Business; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002050173,0.0003992641,0.0006164673,0.0008460465,0.0008477634,0.0006508332,0.00152327,0.0002579196,0.04827584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001708492,0.0002214034,0.0001770302,0.0004851744,0.00009678099,0.0002797017,0.0007046682,0.0006945332,0.006303006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001857259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00276175,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8168787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8922611,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954513,0.00005557228,0.0008715745,0.000840785,0.002043044,0.0007377605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960241,0.001051951,0.000286448,0.0005703379,0.00196263,0.0001045046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002362449,0.00005784587,0.0004658519,0.000163617,0.0001671178,0.0000189328,0.0001128348,0.001691835,0.000002781038,0.0008910802,0.9956469,0.0005449567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002075621,0.00003576719,0.003240618,0.0006351345,0.00002746013,0.000002213017,0.00007503155,0.0005722826,0.00005713158,0.007305359,0.9874611,0.0003803173],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00649601,0.000101627,0.00001206084,0.3251078,0.002876832,0.002987416,0.002085058,0.00003399776,0.6602992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.726308,0.0002264837,0.0001247698,0.02326731,0.01084537,0.0008242283,0.003492783,0.0001879169,0.2347231],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.719812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.467727952877915,"score_gpt":0.394631063155307,"score_spread":0.07309688972260792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}