{"id":"W1534481432","doi":"10.3386/w15339","title":"How large are returns to schooling? Hint: Money isn't everything","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Monetary economics; Financial economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001113049,0.0002364713,0.000368967,0.0007686829,0.000586233,0.00227052,0.0003671745,0.001116251,0.01201987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01205202,0.0001165707,0.000218633,0.000651833,0.00242149,0.004265352,0.0007856761,0.001862267,0.001338614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008561299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004858526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003583066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00310174,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995224,0.0001758967,0.0000226666,0.00008770742,0.00008845967,0.0001028611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934435,0.003987641,0.001245168,0.0002756926,0.0004750403,0.0005729622],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005059708,0.0002243013,0.1648524,0.000473142,0.000390294,0.001010214,0.002141712,0.0026755,0.001477384,0.375903,0.08489272,0.3654535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007218141,0.0001812154,0.2079363,0.0005856452,0.0002241729,0.001094421,0.006824081,0.00201566,0.001540921,0.6754246,0.1039886,0.0001120882],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.372154,0.03276138,0.01143257,0.502435,0.002071704,0.00004432302,0.001685257,0.0001786548,0.07723716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97482,0.006937752,0.0007504665,0.008506176,0.0008370563,0.00001535687,0.0001215988,0.00003195176,0.007979626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01201987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04021049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3548522728054746,"score_gpt":0.5453700288356698,"score_spread":0.1905177560301952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}