{"id":"W1537978536","doi":"10.1002/9781118991978.hces112","title":"Electrochemical Supercapacitors for Energy Storage and Conversion","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Handbook of Clean Energy Systems","topic":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":427,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Supercapacitor; Backup; Energy storage; Capacitor; Electronics; Nanotechnology; Battery (electricity); Energy density; Electrical engineering; Computer science; Materials science; Engineering; Electrochemistry; Engineering physics; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Voltage; Power (physics); Electrode; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002783524,0.0008947546,0.0005328971,0.002188731,0.000511785,0.001493011,0.001107946,0.0008922618,0.03490314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004386931,0.0002834747,0.0003428259,0.00336279,0.000415449,0.001765746,0.001057172,0.001371714,0.01538004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007688444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004375225,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005626986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001570516,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995489,0.00002657228,0.00002253741,0.00006917124,0.0003014457,0.00003136969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998467,0.00003736659,0.00001142146,0.00002149224,0.00007018635,0.0000127899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005920418,0.0001160151,0.0001329281,0.002960246,0.00002291401,0.0002862082,0.0001117583,0.001567199,0.04313146,0.099787,0.2316871,0.6201381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006442372,0.00002290893,0.0001171637,0.0002241779,0.000007570373,0.0002172411,0.00003145145,0.001660965,0.02835511,0.008799156,0.9605413,0.00001648664],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.005292931,0.274699,0.05667568,0.003094451,0.007728974,0.0002319067,0.001803909,0.001758063,0.6487151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07760987,0.2694084,0.04137032,0.001528111,0.002073669,0.0003672225,0.002502144,0.0006143366,0.604526],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03490314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1167626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00893066745836965,"score_gpt":0.2000855214842848,"score_spread":0.1911548540259151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}