{"id":"W1548999658","doi":"10.1111/jav.00689","title":"Cold tolerance, and not earlier arrival on breeding grounds, explains why males winter further north in an Arctic‐breeding songbird","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Avian Biology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Windsor; Nature Conservancy of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Songbird; Seasonal breeder; Dominance (genetics); Arctic; Population; Ecology; Snow; Flock; Seabird; Zoology; Demography; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004684595,0.0001589656,0.0003012269,0.0001234315,0.00006850572,0.00002570559,0.0002406549,0.0001678298,0.0003328631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004316018,0.000126048,0.00005338847,0.0001115702,0.0003419021,0.0004067524,0.00009096972,0.0004147643,0.00007643456],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001704041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003589095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001362755,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988034,0.0001224838,0.0003691364,0.0002305972,0.0001376177,0.0003367055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993474,0.00005921369,0.0002271731,0.0001109304,0.000024939,0.0002302905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002443913,0.0001311263,0.9885612,0.000002117793,0.00000864344,0.00009422014,0.001047231,0.00005234177,0.008220424,0.00002331373,0.0002495873,0.001365416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001152072,0.002107139,0.9935082,0.00003199993,0.00001682596,0.0002221935,0.0006435005,0.00002663218,0.0003341326,0.000132509,0.001663455,0.000161322],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981337,0.00002569721,0.00007773567,0.0009334175,0.0004618284,0.00008428586,0.000004421589,0.00000756043,0.0002714169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978359,0.00001562322,0.0006152949,0.001154714,0.0002507964,0.000002971298,0.000001351423,0.00001434155,0.0001090515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007886291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.514009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04100765536597237,"score_gpt":0.2650165086872205,"score_spread":0.2240088533212481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}