{"id":"W1549798192","doi":"","title":"Payroll Taxes in Canada from 1997 to 2007","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Canadian Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Payroll; Payroll tax; Economics; Business; Public economics; Accounting; Income tax","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001087595,0.0007515581,0.001228385,0.006953024,0.003428943,0.00424955,0.001675118,0.001683127,0.006734641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006852375,0.0006626475,0.001192658,0.01434411,0.0009130825,0.001161776,0.001502519,0.002710789,0.001076161],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.104049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.176747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9983276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9990717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963478,0.00007715606,0.0001931402,0.0003019598,0.001572969,0.001507004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9884243,0.0004076363,0.001682933,0.0001889953,0.008009611,0.001286493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000869013,0.0002256591,0.4146703,0.000765529,0.0005446869,0.000529881,0.001857065,0.004069592,0.0003461122,0.01717342,0.4969798,0.06196883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005566814,0.00003828873,0.7693362,0.0003383187,0.0001698974,0.0001581194,0.001902679,0.001614845,0.0005826814,0.0004897483,0.2252369,0.00007665384],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4444868,0.01842763,0.0006876888,0.02678156,0.001174205,0.0001365833,0.4462057,0.0007102923,0.06138959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7369778,0.009571058,0.0009591347,0.003356142,0.0002657631,0.0001135591,0.1282369,0.00021183,0.1203078],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.104049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7549317,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03606182528237413,"score_gpt":0.3247571890058472,"score_spread":0.2886953637234731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}