{"id":"W1551914082","doi":"","title":"Understanding the Increased Time to the Baccalaureate Degree","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Degree (music); Demographic economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Baccalaureate Degree; Higher education; Demography; Medicine; Medical education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Economics; Economic growth; Sociology; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01715409,0.0002616864,0.0003697397,0.0005205711,0.002155275,0.0006156801,0.002339385,0.0003305672,0.00116646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004205504,0.0001812637,0.000165657,0.0006350718,0.001595042,0.00008574106,0.001868093,0.002202114,0.0004675201],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004597114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002304346,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003509831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01717215,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943761,0.001896816,0.0004951817,0.0007552103,0.001011843,0.001464883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992982,0.005033505,0.0001291636,0.001186624,0.0002647208,0.0004039709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009598997,0.00115857,0.06729578,0.0003844861,0.002034362,0.0001789102,0.2386215,0.01630463,0.0001265696,0.06257359,0.1764728,0.4338888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003338289,0.00006044656,0.02703719,0.0002020997,0.00001697352,0.000001475007,0.04037874,0.0005992636,0.00001365736,0.007573425,0.9232363,0.0005466288],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04416811,0.0002300084,0.00003089984,0.05311828,0.0005762212,0.003004194,0.00004976282,0.00008053561,0.898742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.931096,0.007087273,0.0002939499,0.001073426,0.001960481,0.0009268511,0.00002812769,0.00009285899,0.05744109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8869278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1737346129760194,"score_gpt":0.4178820407160997,"score_spread":0.2441474277400803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}