{"id":"W1552638978","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v128i2.1578","title":"Parental care by lone male Ferruginous Hawks (&lt;em&gt;Buteo regalis&lt;/em&gt;), Rough-legged Hawks (&lt;em&gt;Buteo lagopus&lt;/em&gt;), and Great Horned Owls (&lt;em&gt;Bubo virginianus&lt;/em&gt;) was limited to providing food","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Buteo; Lagopus; Biology; Zoology; Predation; Begging; Nest (protein structural motif); Ecology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002223502,0.000124547,0.0001072739,0.0002696616,0.0005169826,0.0002489824,0.000179445,0.0001321135,0.001182348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003968102,0.00007675346,0.00008478517,0.0001034692,0.0005224902,0.0001614205,0.0001743471,0.0001508512,0.00009909356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006600061,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003079274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06847802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3248483,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999061,0.00001710735,0.000005697485,0.00002942646,0.0000139219,0.00002770354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996625,0.00004691878,0.0001164226,0.00002827184,0.00004830401,0.00009758461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001275858,0.00009581422,0.9665214,0.00002401179,0.00003238404,0.0009357671,0.001702629,0.00005143564,0.01805111,0.00006033253,0.0002882622,0.01210921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001879551,0.00006930783,0.9982956,0.000002414393,0.000005245825,0.0001996167,0.0007329027,0.00002847935,0.0003844633,0.0000100738,0.0002669262,0.000003040153],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994329,0.00008578393,0.00002826063,0.00001548242,0.000003040452,0.000002312275,0.00001953444,0.000001340327,0.0004112664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999397,0.00004447193,0.0000709892,0.00003055325,0.000001394206,0.000001689796,0.00003285763,4.651139e-7,0.0004204237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06847802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1361589,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01244275984520456,"score_gpt":0.2186887841761389,"score_spread":0.2062460243309343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}