{"id":"W1553684455","doi":"10.3386/w11595","title":"Why Are Some Public Officials more Corrupt Than Others?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; McGill University","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Political science; Public administration; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002870976,0.0002010776,0.0004507195,0.002154925,0.001947622,0.002849694,0.0003323697,0.0007528723,0.007872527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02735033,0.0002882083,0.0002643901,0.00333843,0.00233067,0.001786883,0.001340233,0.001042737,0.001318492],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001264545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006842953,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006626181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01458753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960038,0.001740621,0.0002074249,0.0005029923,0.0007386259,0.0008065653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9641141,0.008594828,0.02026702,0.001959465,0.003621888,0.001442799],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009050337,0.00004394579,0.9509181,0.0001628267,0.0001245212,0.0001984964,0.01320063,0.000147013,0.0005326503,0.005149751,0.005447228,0.02398421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001518912,0.00007857977,0.9671556,0.0001488319,0.00006679412,0.000314851,0.01896035,0.0003313308,0.0003786788,0.003972326,0.008552546,0.00002486562],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9502536,0.002100489,0.00139729,0.01741419,0.00006177452,0.0000479084,0.0005502213,0.00004356273,0.02813108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968114,0.0006681609,0.0001702503,0.0005820621,0.00006507484,0.00001557478,0.0001236218,0.00001022895,0.001553607],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007872527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02633619,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5177699705756323,"score_gpt":0.5491091351391675,"score_spread":0.03133916456353514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}