{"id":"W1554365104","doi":"10.21913/ijei.v1i1.14","title":"Cheating among college and university students: A North American perspective","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Educational Integrity","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":444,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic integrity; Perspective (graphical); Academic dishonesty; Higher education; Psychology; Mathematics education; Medical education; Political science; Sociology; Social psychology; Medicine; Law; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004428959,0.0002467972,0.0005901376,0.003596452,0.01206873,0.005917789,0.001048071,0.003976302,0.006479625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008058782,0.0002824453,0.0004008382,0.005220628,0.006317228,0.006018645,0.002921036,0.004639326,0.0005160251],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008080763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006943815,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1709415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4090026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955356,0.00219754,0.0001935911,0.0003334456,0.0007464458,0.0009933939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9851589,0.005793468,0.002386047,0.0003126525,0.002852948,0.003496008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001992365,0.0009226388,0.5158656,0.0004821213,0.0001048007,0.003386828,0.3144575,0.0001165099,0.0007047841,0.02963401,0.04331321,0.09081283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001746546,0.0002280707,0.4767551,0.0008150105,0.00006127023,0.001340961,0.4593289,0.0001625604,0.000179297,0.004104664,0.05694062,0.00006610187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6676853,0.01689828,0.0002510387,0.2578129,0.0006593782,0.00003289031,0.0002041076,0.00001036808,0.0564458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93968,0.0192187,0.0001469243,0.03536632,0.001054345,0.00002405659,0.00007152219,0.00001148065,0.004426603],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9960237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3398931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02158579628489146,"score_gpt":0.3815879098520392,"score_spread":0.3600021135671478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}