{"id":"W1557922441","doi":"10.4137/bci.s1007","title":"The Dual Nature of Metallothioneins in the Metabolism of Heavy Metals and Reactive Oxygen Species in Aquatic Organisms: Implications of Use as a Biomarker of Heavy-Metal Effects in Field Investigations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochemistry Insights","topic":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Superoxide dismutase; Zinc; Chemistry; Metallothionein; Metal; Antioxidant; Lipid peroxidation; Environmental chemistry; Reactive oxygen species; Superoxide; Dismutase; Biochemistry; Enzyme; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002560968,0.0001338593,0.0003291638,0.00007059039,0.00007673936,0.000003285032,0.0002285695,0.0002374281,0.00004839763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005083958,0.00009072995,0.00005794244,0.0005179465,0.001199367,0.0001218258,0.0001289487,0.000235738,0.0000016828],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004457317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000332041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002950391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007167552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987949,0.0002016014,0.0004635696,0.0002204522,0.0001715155,0.0001479418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998395,0.0009942333,0.0002490367,0.0003199127,0.000006607618,0.00003519756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005459385,0.0003775812,0.02624713,0.00002442073,0.00004122383,0.000006168565,0.001859892,0.00001359196,0.9706239,0.0006668433,0.00005537837,0.00002928608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002554109,0.00005785176,0.3759723,0.00001541425,0.00002134745,0.00001789857,0.00028063,0.00001189319,0.6219196,0.001324017,0.00007113023,0.00005241709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974648,0.0006560839,0.000003705034,0.0004383197,0.00002301945,0.0003581572,0.00001368486,0.000002232435,0.001040039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992113,0.0002039269,0.0002917757,0.0001312356,0.000004692421,0.00004573358,0.000009739899,0.000006029744,0.00009560359],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3497252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4419119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01487712725326173,"score_gpt":0.2358832646802261,"score_spread":0.2210061374269643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}