{"id":"W1559707512","doi":"","title":"Observer Effects in Corporate Ratings","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASAC","topic":"Financial Reporting and Valuation Research","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Observer (physics); Social psychology; Psychology; Business; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02032491,0.000385529,0.0009607198,0.0008526683,0.0006387925,0.00331296,0.0008233383,0.002226726,0.01343129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1825948,0.0008349674,0.0006751199,0.0008515344,0.001454175,0.00287483,0.001125531,0.002376283,0.001281943],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001091038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004990801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005921933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007040103,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9904237,0.006336789,0.0003643247,0.001248064,0.001257956,0.0003690301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6126289,0.3403965,0.01770497,0.01755838,0.009542766,0.002168651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01557822,0.002444011,0.4593204,0.001149201,0.001498134,0.001223246,0.01265301,0.02279436,0.03659432,0.2081427,0.02354038,0.2150621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000409837,0.0006673763,0.8853709,0.0001149795,0.0006963675,0.0005288537,0.0009732199,0.03353485,0.0051271,0.06598824,0.006386584,0.0002016029],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8961938,0.004536922,0.0255541,0.002385142,0.0004723424,0.0001281786,0.0006097651,0.0003274255,0.06979229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915958,0.0003243061,0.001177065,0.000197747,0.00015563,0.00002009834,0.0001827814,0.0001090187,0.006237422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02032491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1074896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06611817891419647,"score_gpt":0.2910639387479237,"score_spread":0.2249457598337272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}