{"id":"W1567080196","doi":"10.22329/il.v33i3.4019","title":"Conductive Argument, An Overlooked Type of Defeasible Reasoning","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Argument (complex analysis); Defeasible reasoning; Defeasible estate; Philosophy; Epistemology; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001599418,0.0001057699,0.0001859353,0.00005010047,0.0001287912,0.00007092848,0.0001320208,0.0000650451,0.001199625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005431442,0.00008316991,0.00005615073,0.00002791478,0.0002949854,0.0008338487,0.00002859364,0.0001610833,0.0002609865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001051666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000428024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005092258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008860218,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993351,0.00003123466,0.0002255739,0.00009517544,0.0001113871,0.0002015655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992836,0.00004024344,0.0001538742,0.0001744734,0.0002910361,0.00005682217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001790211,0.00004921975,0.0008179258,0.00002673034,0.00002763815,7.078888e-7,0.01367042,0.00001447254,0.0003104544,0.9836811,0.0003958201,0.000987544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003172055,0.007461512,0.05281815,0.0002588274,0.0002716215,0.00003332341,0.07372656,0.001395591,0.007563737,0.4604982,0.3909156,0.001884898],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6440428,0.0000795674,0.000009342345,0.00004807447,0.0002866489,0.0001379134,0.000006013126,0.00004065143,0.3553489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946244,0.0000140783,0.0004780443,0.000848753,0.0001634925,0.000007602622,0.00002494325,0.000006646429,0.003831993],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.523183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.121533004838446,"score_gpt":0.3028597746975162,"score_spread":0.1813267698590702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}