{"id":"W1572789758","doi":"","title":"The Standard of Proof in Complementary Protection Cases: Comparative Approaches in North America and Europe","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"European Criminal Justice and Data Protection","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Convention; Refugee; Context (archaeology); Directive; Political science; Jurisprudence; Law; Nexus (standard); Law and economics; Sociology; Engineering; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02153667,0.0003148619,0.001049045,0.01576449,0.01118156,0.01695444,0.002698245,0.005963149,0.005818161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04158257,0.0005855078,0.001102019,0.01529839,0.02841038,0.01290349,0.00924931,0.005733171,0.0002957069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03337951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01199963,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1382277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2006891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9781924,0.01149279,0.0009900357,0.00173794,0.003938411,0.00364846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9543487,0.03441321,0.002880058,0.00173939,0.005524916,0.001093772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004751797,0.00005995445,0.001829825,0.0001376739,0.00003798006,0.0002152579,0.01252556,0.0002401994,0.00007346614,0.9697255,0.002052721,0.01305429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000199859,0.000204927,0.06750531,0.00551622,0.0003342228,0.0009558391,0.09982824,0.002183553,0.0008646589,0.5162167,0.305968,0.0002224012],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1739908,0.03999693,0.004412984,0.01581085,0.0003013439,0.00009143417,0.0001339945,0.0000192166,0.7652425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793616,0.008862605,0.001521245,0.003834305,0.0001771256,0.0001282469,0.0000858862,0.0000285463,0.006000458],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1382277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2748463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1096397717841121,"score_gpt":0.3119756344448016,"score_spread":0.2023358626606896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}