{"id":"W1574542527","doi":"","title":"Innovation, Competition and Growth: A Schumpeterian Perspective on Canada’s Economy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"C.D. Howe Institute Commentary","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Competition (biology); Perspective (graphical); Economics; Competition policy; Technological change; International trade; Innovation economics; Growth model; Growth theory; International economics; Industrial organization; Economic system; Neoclassical economics; Macroeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006995533,0.0001872278,0.0002856565,0.000326102,0.0003234797,0.00006559133,0.0001453741,0.00006201185,0.0001640226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001270593,0.0002419517,0.00003212208,0.0002157527,0.0001331348,0.000554875,0.00006568722,0.0002473647,0.000046255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008989025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001101913,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1514597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1315876,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986746,0.00001358219,0.0005009903,0.0004762021,0.00002365247,0.0003109408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992346,0.00005763727,0.0002393018,0.000268852,0.00006939045,0.0001302269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004703868,0.00006442634,0.04960127,0.00001968414,0.00005193939,0.00001191385,0.0002236911,0.000003650062,0.00001385131,0.9362424,0.01329088,0.0004292531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001601364,0.0001816386,0.152226,0.00003491683,0.000008597241,0.00002810229,0.0006811062,0.00005065839,0.0009628175,0.1563606,0.6871826,0.0006816164],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8049418,0.0004279404,0.001422678,0.05037776,0.001744524,0.0003414252,0.0002316854,0.00004550779,0.1404667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787037,0.00004201061,0.0003441944,0.02027254,0.00039796,0.00001089434,0.0001145091,0.00001619106,0.00009800215],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7798818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9866502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02442305317579153,"score_gpt":0.2191842758531251,"score_spread":0.1947612226773336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}