{"id":"W1575330258","doi":"10.3386/w11930","title":"Health Care, Technological Change, and Altruistic Consumption Externalities","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Global Health Care Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; National Institutes of Health; University of Chicago; Pfizer","keywords":"Externality; Inefficiency; Economics; Consumption (sociology); Technological change; Economic surplus; Subsidy; Altruism (biology); Microeconomics; Public economics; Welfare; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00146056,0.0003095843,0.0003450492,0.001215931,0.0007527887,0.001614411,0.0005178015,0.001381233,0.008247561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00553553,0.0002586152,0.0007628599,0.001287375,0.002829712,0.001818678,0.001919776,0.000939226,0.000212341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002748581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001264385,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004126339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005048994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989039,0.000415456,0.00004593026,0.0001084422,0.0002068054,0.0003194124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968664,0.001275633,0.001016766,0.0003897407,0.0002673911,0.0001840899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001057695,0.0001002514,0.02518876,0.00009264823,0.00007818687,0.0003439865,0.0002131975,0.0412134,0.0008687454,0.9144233,0.001742462,0.01562919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001079706,0.0001711321,0.06855444,0.000104278,0.0001385986,0.0006247687,0.0006057075,0.05259062,0.001899147,0.8545969,0.02055047,0.0000559434],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7383402,0.00163808,0.05645085,0.01377156,0.0000806042,0.0001913686,0.0007419081,0.0001859486,0.1885994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887102,0.000352086,0.002570512,0.000464965,0.00002921414,0.00003995969,0.00006867076,0.000009824328,0.007754449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008247561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02759081,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5441439324876172,"score_gpt":0.6283446867779394,"score_spread":0.08420075429032226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}