{"id":"W1576293129","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-8594.2012.00416.x","title":"Characteristics of Companies Targeted by Social Proxies: An Empirical Analysis in the Context of the <scp>U</scp>nited <scp>S</scp>tates","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Business and Society Review","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Context (archaeology); Shareholder; Insider; Business; Set (abstract data type); Monetary economics; Propensity score matching; Economics; Corporate governance; Finance; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008987834,0.0001316635,0.0002734981,0.001479428,0.0004526348,0.001033529,0.0003263076,0.0005914887,0.001778856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00414689,0.0001113186,0.0002303896,0.001395803,0.0005224125,0.0005531012,0.000926444,0.0003550365,0.0003314183],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004163461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003170653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005716066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006736207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999056,0.0002687219,0.00008119486,0.0001352893,0.0002289172,0.0002298649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9912776,0.001062629,0.006064819,0.0001885471,0.0003972903,0.001009188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004092904,0.00007606796,0.9975459,0.000006884942,0.00003649565,0.0001599577,0.000453648,0.00005411431,0.0001684887,0.00008530394,0.0001437108,0.001228553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002798907,0.00007620277,0.997714,0.000005727981,0.00001906023,0.0001434017,0.001415045,0.0002172107,0.0001032125,0.00002664909,0.0002736794,0.000002985406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999648,0.00005534306,0.00002100389,0.00002912364,8.266974e-7,0.000003908408,0.00005273498,3.603942e-7,0.0001886921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997055,0.00003696251,0.0000101693,0.00001105467,0.000003466554,0.00000363935,0.00009960851,3.613514e-7,0.0001293277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005716066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01136559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0288707439501713,"score_gpt":0.2578830069053998,"score_spread":0.2290122629552285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}