{"id":"W1582770864","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1596033","title":"Strategies for Reforming Fossil-Fuel Subsidies: Practical Lessons from Ghana, France and Senegal","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","funders":"","keywords":"Subsidy; Fossil fuel; Natural resource economics; Business; Economics; Political science; Development economics; Engineering; Waste management; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007741945,0.0001786793,0.00016033,0.00002428856,0.0003819632,0.0001048953,0.0001783018,0.0001365462,0.0002171035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008114649,0.000146106,0.00006659689,0.00006301139,0.0002677871,0.0009170387,0.00006876141,0.00146599,0.0000336562],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002426808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002599564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005489578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01074566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977241,0.0000343719,0.0002021101,0.0002686407,0.0002423655,0.001528455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994047,0.0001176627,0.0001290699,0.0001749066,0.000005103543,0.0001686104],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006888703,0.0006880899,0.0495405,0.00003606992,0.0006340379,0.00005354677,0.004719946,0.003451281,0.2463406,0.5342116,0.001508532,0.158127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001945032,0.0006394631,0.05338688,0.00002682972,0.0001217985,0.0008280094,0.0117985,0.0009823786,0.002445664,0.8726813,0.0543739,0.0007703176],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832063,0.0006361604,0.01052444,0.003379421,0.000200751,0.00009366349,0.000007210468,0.00002249409,0.00192958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951705,0.001300955,0.002195432,0.0001386755,0.0002519955,0.000009019695,0.000003474131,0.00002138366,0.0009085053],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3384697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6369079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01071699466092776,"score_gpt":0.2691304730326684,"score_spread":0.2584134783717407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}