{"id":"W1587881667","doi":"10.1109/leos.1996.571654","title":"An electro-optical modulator utilizing high-energy electrons in the free-space","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Interfacing; Physics; Bandwidth (computing); Electron; Optical switch; Free electron model; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Optics; Telecommunications; Laser","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001462255,0.0002166702,0.000188506,0.00009872575,0.00008231706,0.0000970789,0.0004882668,0.0001012202,0.0002043229],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001771137,0.0001680015,0.00005487765,0.0005047683,0.00003971898,0.0002999239,0.00001739153,0.0003072774,0.00003571135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001023126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008738563,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001721777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006881309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984353,0.00005459802,0.0002249791,0.0002472609,0.0002261087,0.0008117495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991775,0.00006117551,0.00001430309,0.0005998035,0.00001621802,0.000130984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001727509,0.0002935345,0.00130741,0.000008589302,0.00005783682,0.00004235686,0.0003004312,0.008481218,0.2177587,0.7420595,0.02228806,0.007385096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008992025,0.0003312292,0.003384646,0.000005456866,0.00002340514,0.00002705804,0.0001596543,0.7818002,0.1994239,0.005472599,0.007929526,0.0005431545],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9702995,0.0006620915,0.0112365,0.0008402675,0.00007890179,0.000118545,0.000002239584,0.0004481562,0.01631384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986745,0.0001162722,0.0005928974,0.0003192431,0.000128158,0.00004062278,0.000003739734,0.00004306605,0.00008147793],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7733189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01104630078690796,"score_gpt":0.1982319094628429,"score_spread":0.1871856086759349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}