{"id":"W1589759917","doi":"10.4271/2006-01-0971","title":"Energy Generation and Stir Zone Dimensions in Friction Stir Spot Welds","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","topic":"Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spot welding; Friction stir welding; Friction stir processing; Materials science; Metallurgy; Welding; Microstructure","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003611364,0.0007031145,0.0008060403,0.0004903802,0.0002773601,0.00008701714,0.0004128984,0.0008436274,0.0001325771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001369205,0.0006886891,0.0002461854,0.001186641,0.0003817233,0.0005268657,0.0002333922,0.0009463088,0.00001718128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005048354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002645103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003510949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1646283,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965389,0.00009593814,0.001048856,0.0009588001,0.0005785517,0.0007789658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983907,0.0002261448,0.00013019,0.0009623234,0.00007189139,0.0002187507],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004577928,0.0001531535,0.0001975606,0.00002275231,0.0000253504,0.00004276862,0.00000718161,0.005738003,0.9686614,0.01684046,0.003288776,0.004976796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008203551,0.0006467864,0.9324505,0.0002223913,0.0001494153,0.00010195,0.000039453,0.00009418671,0.003772978,0.00755031,0.05279291,0.00135871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9676734,0.001638969,0.0009731197,0.001858189,0.0003292122,0.0008418076,0.00006544284,0.008777157,0.01784272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783659,0.001502375,0.0186654,0.0003363434,0.0002284829,0.0003169685,0.000119798,0.0001528037,0.000311911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9648885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995564,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00845781621326824,"score_gpt":0.2239189223363429,"score_spread":0.2154611061230746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}