{"id":"W1594462836","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v2i1.35","title":"A Critique of Stephen Downes' Article, \"Learning Objects\": A Perspective from Bahrain","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Open Education and E-Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Educational technology; Middle East; Process (computing); Computer science; The Internet; Open learning; Learning styles; Active learning (machine learning); Learning sciences; Synchronous learning; Mathematics education; Knowledge management; Engineering ethics; Artificial intelligence; Cooperative learning; Teaching method; Engineering; Psychology; Political science; World Wide Web; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006884042,0.001375207,0.001452145,0.001941637,0.005001971,0.008910331,0.00328283,0.01731679,0.003695338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01773403,0.0004244041,0.000774576,0.002742873,0.01531641,0.01268333,0.00382763,0.0209016,0.001646722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007120849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007118209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04133977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05139262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9939305,0.002795727,0.0003525543,0.0007344977,0.001733957,0.0004527751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9894485,0.007701416,0.0004227962,0.0001814753,0.001825503,0.0004202525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003442959,0.00001692961,0.0002740613,0.0003604351,0.00001219948,0.0002645113,0.009946433,0.0001103616,0.0001063215,0.3844469,0.5917701,0.01265735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009569405,0.00001586555,0.0004287849,0.0005812125,0.000007424617,0.0002512402,0.003088379,0.00009774663,0.0000890163,0.02945289,0.9659543,0.000023467],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.001127715,0.07047285,0.00138316,0.8725216,0.02715574,0.00001597306,0.00006895581,0.00003452899,0.02721953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04745728,0.0484022,0.001783339,0.8391697,0.03289128,0.0001252144,0.00005022833,0.0001401541,0.0299806],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04133977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08219826,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06199336526493457,"score_gpt":0.4395906657257881,"score_spread":0.3775973004608535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}