{"id":"W1597155037","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.12.008","title":"High-energy cosmic rays from γ-ray bursts","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astroparticle Physics","topic":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Office of Naval Research; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Cosmic ray; Gamma-ray burst; Galaxy; Interstellar medium; Luminosity; Galactic halo; Neutron star; Milky Way; Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray; Astronomy; Halo","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006286878,0.001216841,0.0007154393,0.002361428,0.0005167627,0.003085319,0.0006309734,0.001142498,0.007075219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002497157,0.0007309623,0.000685464,0.003049545,0.0006261703,0.001918892,0.001772138,0.001061566,0.001855104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004430723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002073801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006906698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009638012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99967,0.000052932,0.00002355802,0.00006757193,0.0001157454,0.00007017021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981237,0.0005651765,0.0005692245,0.0003882733,0.000186011,0.0001676026],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003203626,0.0003399502,0.4397471,0.002304484,0.001009206,0.00997067,0.001630509,0.01116859,0.2140027,0.08768211,0.007802318,0.2211387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002330295,0.0003834821,0.7362591,0.0005451557,0.0006264118,0.01018571,0.0007461614,0.006798368,0.04659553,0.1582804,0.03915813,0.0001884828],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8892958,0.02324027,0.01350725,0.001084904,0.0005255358,0.00007124991,0.00208698,0.0003844777,0.06980362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773267,0.01056983,0.002694067,0.0003212611,0.0005411569,0.00001409224,0.002855546,0.0001102026,0.005567187],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007075219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02366894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009792254884693591,"score_gpt":0.210185502731248,"score_spread":0.2003932478465544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}