{"id":"W1597848029","doi":"10.4271/2003-01-3089","title":"Injection Parameter Effects on a Direct Injected, Pilot Ignited, Heavy Duty Natural Gas Engine with EGR","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Exhaust gas recirculation; Combustion; Natural gas; Injector; Ignition system; Environmental science; Heavy duty; Equivalence ratio; Combustion chamber; Automotive engineering; Internal combustion engine; Waste management; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004592519,0.001520777,0.001430133,0.0006355245,0.0003876704,0.000108149,0.001033507,0.001031212,0.0001897935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005287935,0.001221202,0.0004416938,0.002316443,0.0007939811,0.0006225986,0.0002849126,0.003782013,0.0001759703],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000852654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078164,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002401415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003167873,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9940048,0.0002199777,0.001094861,0.001847507,0.00121371,0.001619114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949573,0.002043093,0.0002889495,0.002082097,0.0001972193,0.0004313752],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001363689,0.0006305987,0.00007443526,0.0001383479,0.0001403253,0.0001404779,0.00001476412,0.00438713,0.9706609,0.01432499,0.0008744947,0.007249805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0127512,0.04089297,0.7090015,0.003885768,0.0008568554,0.002403684,0.0003463641,0.00003462106,0.1301669,0.01281385,0.07738975,0.009456596],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9126697,0.001018248,0.0002317005,0.002517418,0.00101267,0.003484272,0.00007228813,0.03075005,0.04824368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810633,0.0001607547,0.01573871,0.001059364,0.00014877,0.0009071035,0.00006098218,0.0003230932,0.0005379192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.840494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997541,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0081943311318219,"score_gpt":0.2249257280351786,"score_spread":0.2167313969033567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}