{"id":"W1598332341","doi":"","title":"A Primer on International Law and the \"Canadian Charter\"","year":2006,"lang":"es","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"International Law and Aviation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Presumption; Treaty; Law; Charter; Political science; Statutory law; International law; Statutory interpretation; Municipal law; Public law; Common law; Constitutional law; Comparative law; Legislature; Law and economics; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00217984,0.0001226154,0.0001112346,0.00009633609,0.001357957,0.0005858616,0.0003356388,0.00009469373,0.00009161198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004033184,0.00008742707,0.0001010689,0.0000832897,0.0003775713,0.0002326873,0.00001613881,0.00105786,0.00009851455],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001513807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001844694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3140922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8001581,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976946,0.0001910344,0.0002269299,0.0001530848,0.0005760646,0.001158353],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994428,0.00008811779,0.0001645418,0.00007063054,0.0001549342,0.00007899351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006513461,0.00002886731,0.0006297855,6.211972e-7,0.00008211331,0.000001732624,0.000278654,0.000006454531,0.000005536123,0.9967021,0.000167527,0.002031454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001272884,0.00008920236,0.002836195,0.0000283451,0.00003137778,0.00005589761,0.0004781149,0.0001115172,0.0000139768,0.7533472,0.2416074,0.000127904],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08154916,0.0008755236,0.0001066899,0.1117063,0.00158177,0.0002638585,0.00001717181,0.00001672417,0.8038828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816546,0.001718038,0.000005706062,0.001701958,0.002440557,0.000004184771,0.000008808099,0.00001078438,0.01245534],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9001055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999421,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004624874807714467,"score_gpt":0.250345066487764,"score_spread":0.2457201916800495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}