{"id":"W1598774187","doi":"10.1111/lang.12016","title":"Elementary School ELLs' Reading Skill Profiles Using Cognitive Diagnosis Modeling: Roles of Length of Residence and Home Language Environment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language Learning","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ell; Reading (process); Psychology; Residence; Academic achievement; Language proficiency; Achievement test; Affect (linguistics); Mathematics education; First language; Cognition; Immigration; Developmental psychology; Standardized test; Teaching method; Linguistics; Vocabulary development","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001097995,0.0004583339,0.0002528102,0.001044383,0.0006718413,0.001216601,0.0005283011,0.0002799213,0.001346342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005032452,0.0001775192,0.000649736,0.0007596463,0.0003601477,0.000539322,0.001278404,0.0004342453,0.0002961519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001375514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001530985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1718501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2353875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996288,0.0001123788,0.00002573784,0.00007856927,0.00008614609,0.0000683301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980102,0.0006953595,0.0006045001,0.0001712829,0.0002494339,0.0002691607],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007470677,0.00006671181,0.9938459,0.000004694315,0.0000348853,0.00003561415,0.0005650013,0.0005264917,0.0001408031,0.00005902205,0.00005513693,0.004591093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006475286,0.0001756442,0.9900946,0.00001059442,0.00004515835,0.00006106011,0.002231824,0.006630377,0.0003024363,0.0001091937,0.0003232779,0.000009427363],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993148,0.0000140677,0.0002853347,0.00001146329,6.7e-7,0.000005794042,0.0001077485,0.000008146509,0.0002519239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991184,0.00001839717,0.0003435704,0.000003939477,5.351889e-7,0.000007347785,0.0002859219,0.000002246128,0.0002196931],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1718501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3416996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01257861490877268,"score_gpt":0.282819715978008,"score_spread":0.2702411010692354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}