{"id":"W1606419633","doi":"10.3386/w13665","title":"Strike Three: Umpires' Demand for Discrimination","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Sports Analytics and Performance","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Business","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001717171,0.0002014059,0.0003657531,0.0007892817,0.001017321,0.001780053,0.0008615276,0.0009772559,0.01356034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01557881,0.0001831167,0.000293723,0.001028472,0.0005739538,0.0008369967,0.0008951512,0.001527636,0.002041038],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008597812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003726462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01824192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02978496,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998235,0.0004835667,0.00009224505,0.0002631386,0.0004786777,0.0004473509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9805367,0.005750452,0.01002289,0.00123591,0.0009831227,0.001470867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001568123,0.0001074872,0.9855177,0.00001367927,0.00003379282,0.0001737815,0.0008409661,0.0003457472,0.0002765228,0.0009765271,0.001274488,0.01028254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008624748,0.000081547,0.9925743,0.0000121668,0.00001341209,0.0001853149,0.002920551,0.001687088,0.0001860285,0.0007797869,0.001539468,0.00001169856],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917821,0.00009645978,0.000284344,0.0007683286,0.000009115412,0.000005789613,0.0003888584,0.00001081826,0.006654163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981322,0.00002789176,0.00005359477,0.00009929955,0.00001053826,0.000003427375,0.0002325166,0.000003285924,0.001437214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01824192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04536378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5278927532010721,"score_gpt":0.5118574953836866,"score_spread":0.01603525781738546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}