{"id":"W1608360180","doi":"10.1002/9781118133880.hop206018","title":"Cognitive Development in Adulthood and AgingPreparation of this chapter was supported by a grant from the U.S. National Institute on Aging (R37 AG008235) to Roger A. Dixon, who also acknowledges support from the Canada Research Chairs program. Peggy McFall is supported by Alberta Innovates Health Solutions. Sanda Dolcos is now at the Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. This chapter is a substantially revised version of Dixon and Cohen .","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition","topic":"Aging and Gerontology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Cognition; Cognitive aging; Psychology; Cognitive decline; Developmental psychology; Early adulthood; Cognitive psychology; Gerontology; Cognitive science; Medicine; Young adult; Dementia; Neuroscience; Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001639876,0.0003863495,0.0008156309,0.0003575474,0.0002862567,0.000009648567,0.0004307061,0.0004504736,0.009761802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007388505,0.0002896645,0.00009259445,0.0003083627,0.001615266,0.00009165111,0.0001753863,0.0005622138,0.00002303488],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000141419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003970792,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06233832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2690645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963509,0.0006225888,0.000919089,0.0008451014,0.0006874133,0.0005749339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969351,0.0006294018,0.00101846,0.0005321605,0.0007559073,0.0001289763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001303692,0.0004584887,0.01229496,0.0001042805,0.0008139046,0.000003019763,0.01897437,6.479551e-8,0.0009812411,0.00007028029,0.9594294,0.005566257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00852309,0.00161692,0.08953346,0.002842167,0.0002812725,0.0000196335,0.00267785,0.00002099648,0.009526034,0.0001492272,0.8841208,0.000688588],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8520557,0.02982653,0.0004034408,0.0401543,0.00176749,0.008960583,0.03809437,0.00005326852,0.02868436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.967932,0.006175132,0.0003499788,0.004624099,0.000229564,0.0001935809,0.008573962,0.0001532468,0.01176846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2067262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.054468840286027,"score_gpt":0.3548446447659462,"score_spread":0.3003758044799192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}