{"id":"W1608884908","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-7976.2012.01263.x","title":"Willingness to Pay for Multiple Quantities of Animal Welfare Dairy Products: Results from Random <i>N</i>th‐, Second‐Price, and Incremental Second‐Price Auctions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d agroeconomie","topic":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bidding; Common value auction; Willingness to pay; Microeconomics; Economics; Vickrey auction; Contrast (vision); Certification; Animal welfare; Business; Auction theory; Computer science; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001125048,0.0004188589,0.001105768,0.0004015067,0.0003760123,0.0001482285,0.0004442518,0.0002045255,0.0008981603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003447438,0.0004114765,0.000288825,0.0001419539,0.0001453502,0.001636464,0.00005733454,0.0002719082,0.00005960685],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001666284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001865652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02042452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2318591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962776,0.0000340515,0.002150835,0.0006055709,0.00001354179,0.0009183793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961935,0.0002474632,0.001736043,0.0003394685,0.0001246646,0.001358853],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002234873,0.0003666064,0.8295461,0.000609404,0.002627657,0.00001448401,0.02678656,0.006691797,0.002801654,0.09892451,0.0278549,0.00154148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047618,0.0006120988,0.8751967,0.0000670086,0.00008061929,0.0001207488,0.005568746,0.0002660044,0.001104119,0.001317928,0.1099994,0.0009047961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827818,0.001317336,0.00005004307,0.003418567,0.002260832,0.0007280522,0.008186268,0.000009211823,0.001247856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958354,0.0001060395,0.001483025,0.000289305,0.00116733,0.00004604512,0.0003623027,0.00004803136,0.0006625812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2114346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998337,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05376955254324747,"score_gpt":0.1755355320825565,"score_spread":0.1217659795393091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}