{"id":"W1610378689","doi":"10.3386/w11324","title":"The End of American Exceptionalism? Mobility in the U.S. Since 1850","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University; Northwestern University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"American exceptionalism; Exceptionalism; Political science; History; Law; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02260552,0.0001255567,0.0003084865,0.0002529265,0.000715891,0.00006751792,0.0009329736,0.0001219309,0.0004216917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004851229,0.00008634299,0.0001732623,0.0003608178,0.003408767,0.0001189552,0.0001012638,0.0005011266,0.00004007066],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001994744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009064651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05615993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0708418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943745,0.001079221,0.0008538378,0.0003047012,0.003047053,0.0003407178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9892465,0.006738743,0.0004452858,0.0002404077,0.003286145,0.00004288509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002826023,0.0001833953,0.001679158,0.00002462195,0.00006877616,1.688504e-7,0.002513691,0.0002221403,0.000008251391,0.9286263,0.06423588,0.002409336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001132805,0.00006019294,0.05959448,0.00005017866,0.00000847193,0.0000018723,0.007926968,0.00003988614,0.00002049918,0.3291727,0.6028469,0.0001645515],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03753065,0.00165082,0.000001355407,0.07266045,0.0008181485,0.0007967924,0.0002839832,0.000006299014,0.8862515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842766,0.003861875,0.00005771525,0.00008380879,0.002699642,0.0002188578,0.0001729968,0.000008710836,0.008619821],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9467459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5057415432590179,"score_gpt":0.6022007128252125,"score_spread":0.0964591695661946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}