{"id":"W1612825340","doi":"10.1016/j.jeca.2004.01.007","title":"Corruption and Economic Development","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Economic Asymmetries","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Language change; Economics; Inequality; Development economics; Capital (architecture); Liberalization; Economic liberalization; Public economics; Economic system; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002100032,0.00008547772,0.0001816063,0.0001551744,0.0004108539,0.00009064396,0.0002221712,0.00004514643,0.000250613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005526916,0.00006829373,0.00004299236,0.00003676444,0.0002136365,0.0003489166,0.00004793529,0.0001034612,0.0002631042],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001091206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001032843,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003678718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002147227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991518,0.0000531875,0.0004747646,0.00007660128,0.00006539571,0.0001782063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992652,0.0001429382,0.0003771369,0.00007650386,0.00002668717,0.0001115299],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004931967,0.0001104554,0.03459138,0.0000215934,0.0004813118,0.000008176561,0.1293201,0.007584899,0.00006479248,0.2965856,0.002971645,0.5277668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002122519,0.000136924,0.06267463,0.00005935083,0.000055892,0.0001194738,0.03143034,0.00002954305,0.0006790694,0.009479948,0.8927869,0.0004254307],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9800406,0.0003561559,0.0005141384,0.003512054,0.001203705,0.00009327166,0.000001235751,0.00001119719,0.01426771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965565,0.001240256,0.0008342511,0.0001813805,0.0002809612,0.000001187834,4.615384e-7,0.000006853936,0.0008981858],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8898152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.338176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02926262859569837,"score_gpt":0.2862927480601039,"score_spread":0.2570301194644055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}