{"id":"W1663293642","doi":"10.1029/2012wr011982","title":"A comparative experimental and multiphysics computational fluid dynamics study of coupled surface–subsurface flow in bed forms","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Multiphysics; Computational fluid dynamics; Geology; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Current (fluid); Turbulence; Sediment transport; Fluid dynamics; Open-channel flow; Subsurface flow; Geotechnical engineering; Sediment; Finite element method; Geomorphology; Groundwater; Engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008433841,0.0004279558,0.0004097297,0.0005623303,0.0005671437,0.0003980635,0.0004978449,0.0005021374,0.001497973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001416153,0.000239056,0.0003464123,0.0004764094,0.0008885649,0.0007132544,0.0004524888,0.0004755906,0.0001312321],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005749459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004250669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002111624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001752421,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995572,0.00009587267,0.00002770246,0.00007293601,0.0001831044,0.00006321453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990268,0.0004693209,0.0000828001,0.0001544093,0.0002111278,0.00005559105],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001139508,0.004441635,0.01441059,0.0003694336,0.00004180575,0.0001665817,0.0005096283,0.02796553,0.9212372,0.001819937,0.0002341936,0.02766402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002782565,0.008667345,0.04731603,0.00002571206,0.00004086575,0.0002774909,0.0004481595,0.1459187,0.794383,0.0008201395,0.001738208,0.00008610831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941151,0.0001050654,0.00481274,0.00002647755,0.00001306529,0.00004419372,0.00008518716,0.00002934557,0.0007687765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945959,0.0001563983,0.004659497,0.000009935951,0.00001065605,0.00005037127,0.0001234264,0.000008981871,0.0003848484],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002111624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005011261,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04043891828213835,"score_gpt":0.3283743180305084,"score_spread":0.28793539974837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}