{"id":"W1667902581","doi":"10.1002/0471142735.im0217s103","title":"Single‐Domain Antibodies and Their Utility","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Protocols in Immunology","topic":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Guelph; National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Single-domain antibody; Antibody; Monoclonal antibody; Heavy chain; Immunogenicity; Computational biology; Epitope; Antigen; Biology; Immunology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002283298,0.0001931824,0.000404067,0.0001577243,0.00007715711,0.00003137,0.0001448176,0.0001105677,0.0005293069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001121537,0.0001320319,0.00006495424,0.0001566902,0.0005735995,0.0001116153,0.0002449417,0.0004857935,0.0001191586],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004043209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006637747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009114861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001399735,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986127,0.0001483439,0.0003368979,0.0003217822,0.0001221366,0.0004581437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999338,0.0001262398,0.00005684943,0.0002906165,0.0001014808,0.00008683452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006767486,0.001121654,0.3224285,0.000676295,0.00007863861,0.00001660646,0.0007641884,4.382531e-8,0.1134114,0.002081679,0.001295724,0.5574485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002216274,0.0009018946,0.6974772,0.0005678684,0.000004116965,0.0001302168,0.0003239512,0.00009847263,0.014425,0.0114861,0.27213,0.0002389191],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9555642,0.002558901,0.00003893887,0.001572212,0.0001084741,0.03684207,0.000008405295,0.00004328921,0.003263488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9424459,0.0003038301,0.0005180528,0.0001229938,0.0001270751,0.05591655,0.00002738923,0.00002164518,0.0005165311],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5572096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5795539,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07213346330826664,"score_gpt":0.3687266079278081,"score_spread":0.2965931446195414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}