{"id":"W1689471221","doi":"10.22329/il.v29i4.2905","title":"What Constitutes Skilled Argumentation and How Does it Develop?","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Argumentation theory; Production (economics); Intervention (counseling); Psychology; Mathematics education; Computer science; Medical education; Applied psychology; Knowledge management; Economics; Medicine; Epistemology; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009617384,0.0003465616,0.0004925463,0.003317958,0.0009500007,0.006910543,0.00104838,0.002329746,0.001791067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06164502,0.0004270731,0.0005006767,0.001669196,0.006759822,0.008180099,0.002579651,0.001610177,0.0004552087],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001093172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001787699,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001051091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008328164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9918034,0.004301361,0.0005985173,0.001314658,0.001352195,0.0006298915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9233881,0.04514246,0.01740563,0.006115416,0.005490441,0.00245797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000164725,0.0005809963,0.3243417,0.001487925,0.0001738579,0.001839164,0.06154942,0.0007993199,0.006364981,0.1431952,0.002470212,0.4570324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004682117,0.0007314772,0.4328048,0.002275673,0.0002279532,0.01263938,0.03615192,0.005767229,0.006546021,0.4605249,0.04206894,0.0002149959],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8637109,0.01200926,0.04200208,0.01051762,0.0001923465,0.0001493094,0.0001285562,0.0002281324,0.07106183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907641,0.001391622,0.006933822,0.0002510651,0.00005547155,0.00003272513,0.00004985619,0.00002153781,0.0004997065],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009617384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05086219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02640016831424103,"score_gpt":0.3261415806413369,"score_spread":0.2997414123270958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}