{"id":"W1689976029","doi":"10.3390/met5031620","title":"Nickel Extraction from Olivine: Effect of Carbonation Pre-Treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metals","topic":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Sheridan College","funders":"Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UGent; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; KU Leuven; Hercules Foundation","keywords":"Carbonation; Olivine; Magnesite; Leaching (pedology); Metallurgy; Ultramafic rock; Carbonate; Chemistry; Mineral; Nickel; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Materials science; Geology; Magnesium; Geochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001676139,0.00007057192,0.0001048007,0.00001854427,0.00002187341,0.000008696314,0.00004546948,0.0000353441,0.00185459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008767781,0.00005137564,0.00004701241,0.00006346497,0.00003226716,0.0001743393,0.00001892252,0.0000316344,0.0004733997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001659687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007282156,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003616737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007427798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999415,0.0001016628,0.0001363686,0.0001250821,0.0001538661,0.00006800063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996418,0.00009425441,0.00008020559,0.000128384,0.000009061138,0.00004634758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005250731,0.001159345,0.2233661,0.00001325806,0.0002888376,0.00001494799,0.00379638,0.03467036,0.5875427,0.0004390359,0.01423198,0.133952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001598893,0.001751777,0.2431366,0.00001459494,0.0002150919,0.00001622966,0.0001171597,0.01157219,0.6423616,0.001319053,0.09760734,0.0002894553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768274,0.00004027508,0.0005233199,0.0001950084,0.00021115,0.0001637395,0.000006408554,0.0000252532,0.02200743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953055,0.000006583446,0.0004736384,0.00002335359,0.00003581904,0.00002652369,0.00002524849,0.000003072613,0.004100238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1336625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990578,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02099089715061532,"score_gpt":0.3053788332253125,"score_spread":0.2843879360746971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}