{"id":"W1691724204","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1986289","title":"Does Monitoring by Independent Directors Reduce Firm Risk?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Actuarial science; Accounting","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006067895,0.0004092445,0.0006075409,0.0006949966,0.0005716038,0.001697256,0.0008611246,0.002068698,0.007045255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03846376,0.0002930332,0.0004223154,0.0006540022,0.0006343766,0.002151146,0.000691131,0.000925042,0.0006994868],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005824543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013174,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002352287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004517838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997148,0.001531271,0.0001096843,0.0003618335,0.0003871756,0.0004619937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9350288,0.03084087,0.02387397,0.004740793,0.002384953,0.003130559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004634895,0.003058262,0.5192902,0.000324848,0.0009550939,0.000477274,0.001050528,0.005649224,0.003132008,0.02153775,0.02475348,0.4151365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001241398,0.003739244,0.8773192,0.0002802378,0.001447126,0.0005359388,0.00194432,0.0232659,0.008206978,0.05257118,0.02934692,0.00010142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9362438,0.00353101,0.006405067,0.02185833,0.0003561716,0.00007556623,0.0002789185,0.0002225022,0.03102865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958873,0.0003542774,0.00056291,0.0004561737,0.0002026323,0.00001119658,0.00005027052,0.000006022015,0.002469112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007045255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03209054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008720952816780656,"score_gpt":0.2154724120604851,"score_spread":0.2067514592437045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}