{"id":"W1694049600","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/811/1/20","title":"THE POPULATION OF GALAXY–GALAXY STRONG LENSES IN FORTHCOMING OPTICAL IMAGING SURVEYS","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":332,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lens (geology); Einstein radius; Population; Redshift; RADIUS; Galaxy; Poisson distribution; Function (biology)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01580627928713193,"score_gpt":0.2435381566783158,"score_spread":0.2277318773911839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."},"direct_labels":[],"classifier":{"requested":true,"available":true,"version":"metacan-v1-d91a1de5be90","frame_rows_covered":4299418,"decision_targets":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","metaepi_broad","bibliometrics","sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity","randomized_trial","nonrandomized_trial","observational","systematic_review","meta_analysis","case_report","qualitative","simulation_or_modeling","bench_or_experimental","theoretical_or_conceptual","not_applicable"],"score_encoding":"uint16_le_65535","score_resolution":0.000015259021896696422,"interpretation":"Scores imitate each teacher on the enriched screening sample; they are not calibrated prevalence probabilities for the full frame.","warning":null},"prediction":{"classifier_version":"metacan-v1-d91a1de5be90","candidate_union":["observational","theoretical_or_conceptual"],"consensus_intersection":["observational"],"score_encoding":"uint16_le_65535","score_resolution":0.000015259021896696422,"scores":{"codex":{"metaresearch":0.00032043945983062486,"metaepi_narrow":0.000015259021896696422,"metaepi_broad":0.000015259021896696422,"bibliometrics":0.000030518043793392844,"sts":0.000015259021896696422,"scholarly_communication":0.000030518043793392844,"open_science":0.000015259021896696422,"research_integrity":0.000045777065690089265,"randomized_trial":0.000030518043793392844,"nonrandomized_trial":0.000015259021896696422,"observational":0.9985809109636072,"systematic_review":0.000015259021896696422,"meta_analysis":0.000015259021896696422,"case_report":0.000045777065690089265,"qualitative":0.000045777065690089265,"simulation_or_modeling":0.000289921416037232,"bench_or_experimental":0.00007629510948348211,"theoretical_or_conceptual":0.03167772945754177,"not_applicable":0,"design_other":0.004974441138323033},"gemma":{"metaresearch":0.000015259021896696422,"metaepi_narrow":0.000015259021896696422,"metaepi_broad":0.000015259021896696422,"bibliometrics":0.000015259021896696422,"sts":0.000045777065690089265,"scholarly_communication":0.00018310826276035706,"open_science":0.000045777065690089265,"research_integrity":0.000045777065690089265,"randomized_trial":0.000030518043793392844,"nonrandomized_trial":0.00006103608758678569,"observational":0.9950713359273671,"systematic_review":0,"meta_analysis":0.000015259021896696422,"case_report":0.00006103608758678569,"qualitative":0.00032043945983062486,"simulation_or_modeling":0.011093308918898299,"bench_or_experimental":0.00007629510948348211,"theoretical_or_conceptual":0.011596856641489281,"not_applicable":0.000015259021896696422}},"interpretation":"Scores imitate each teacher on the enriched screening sample; they are not calibrated prevalence probabilities for the full frame."}}