{"id":"W170296267","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2341069","title":"A Political Economy Model of the Vertical Fiscal Gap and Vertical Fiscal Imbalances in a Federation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Economics; Fiscal policy; Russian federation; Fiscal union; Political science; International economics; Macroeconomics; Economic policy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005540819,0.0000798445,0.0001345085,0.00002486193,0.0002320559,0.00009993297,0.0001468983,0.00009595168,0.00002372944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001654694,0.00005725687,0.00005590439,0.0001030789,0.0002390888,0.0003732352,0.00003224748,0.0004979044,0.000005191851],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006392368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000865497,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003601749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00254268,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979568,0.0001366538,0.0002643974,0.0001302673,0.0002916887,0.001220199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996955,0.00006401261,0.00003176633,0.00006614367,0.00003680447,0.0001057489],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001978609,0.00005802779,0.03975198,0.000002536095,0.000008088529,1.875167e-7,0.0003296199,0.00004600166,0.00008949669,0.9588588,0.00007806705,0.0007574272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005955517,0.00009396151,0.02815883,0.00002119653,0.00001445998,0.00001106717,0.002341508,0.03720034,0.0001810827,0.9311159,0.0001570963,0.0001090472],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9633562,0.0001812013,0.006649141,0.01713777,0.00007013617,0.0002066968,6.58439e-7,0.000008057013,0.01239017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99915,0.0001979185,0.00001973626,0.00036943,0.0001065616,0.000007491029,4.597989e-7,0.000005051735,0.0001433604],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03715434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2334867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01198028616913226,"score_gpt":0.2522348953211048,"score_spread":0.2402546091519726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}