{"id":"W1749888870","doi":"10.1002/2014jf003085","title":"Distribution and activity of ice wedges across the forest‐tundra transition, western Arctic Canada","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Government of Northwest Territories; Impact; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Aurora Research Institute","keywords":"Permafrost; Tundra; Peat; Thermokarst; Geology; Soil water; Ice wedge; Snow; Geomorphology; Arctic; Arctic vegetation; Shrub; Taiga; Active layer; Environmental science; Soil science; Ecology; Geography; Chemistry; Forestry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001590676,0.0001659938,0.0001398079,0.001091407,0.0006465443,0.000671425,0.0002693869,0.00013503,0.0005759562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003928427,0.0001206386,0.0001713664,0.00100774,0.0003234189,0.0001464017,0.0002990627,0.00008942785,0.00009492368],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002544081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002322737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9088851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9610556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.000008020296,0.00000873624,0.00003477581,0.0000317859,0.00004952434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995781,0.00003613643,0.00008544707,0.00001506428,0.000174394,0.0001108117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000622876,0.000009141126,0.9913412,0.00001990896,0.0000335868,0.00008275241,0.0004673417,0.0002970954,0.002319816,0.00004755245,0.0001924149,0.005126928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001234257,0.000005841814,0.9984764,0.000005700793,0.000005732091,0.00003855046,0.0005606673,0.0004199074,0.0001414376,0.000008183682,0.0003340054,0.000002377147],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982955,0.0001509776,0.00007054576,0.00001249246,0.000001099103,0.000004631358,0.0009546695,0.000009664433,0.0005004386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998958,0.00008563587,0.00009933755,0.000005571043,5.462932e-7,0.000003283955,0.0005732113,0.00000187153,0.0002725149],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09111488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1833029,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04360000478645749,"score_gpt":0.3049946417190118,"score_spread":0.2613946369325543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}