{"id":"W1761959659","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9337.2012.00514.x","title":"Presumptions in Legal Argumentation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ratio Juris","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Argumentation theory; Computer science; Epistemology; Work (physics); Event (particle physics); Management science; Philosophy; Engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02117605,0.0008636239,0.001162705,0.004894943,0.003832896,0.01026614,0.00368033,0.005320768,0.005449655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0468733,0.0008361107,0.002044729,0.002307581,0.03312937,0.01737034,0.00858101,0.007940616,0.00104261],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005501322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002947077,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001787615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009218011,"domain_scores_codex":[0.973611,0.01630469,0.001958605,0.002047033,0.00525631,0.0008224817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9493337,0.03689267,0.003184857,0.005227802,0.004177,0.001184048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003011973,0.000002735005,0.00002997724,0.00001833696,0.000003389341,0.00002597951,0.0002463466,0.0003869664,0.00003292315,0.9983138,0.0001228583,0.000813715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008378616,0.000006134137,0.00003254224,0.00005929218,0.00000458051,0.00003816512,0.0001081349,0.001486877,0.00009851407,0.9932359,0.004915706,0.000005889945],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02974707,0.005258306,0.7471566,0.01995645,0.0005953111,0.0002517746,0.0001989398,0.0002541242,0.1965814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8438753,0.001736932,0.1428743,0.001767045,0.0004266648,0.0003602354,0.0001792409,0.00007828602,0.008701974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02117605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.111991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05998884018687108,"score_gpt":0.4055579889840732,"score_spread":0.3455691487972022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}