{"id":"W17674795","doi":"10.2175/106143006x95474","title":"Fouling Mechanisms in a Laboratory‐Scale UV Disinfection System","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Calcium carbonate; Precipitation; Magnesium; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Calcium hydroxide; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Membrane","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004473653,0.0003236864,0.0005884652,0.000171522,0.0004707012,0.0006362992,0.0007469488,0.000530237,0.000465633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005668338,0.0002192298,0.0004356935,0.0001558093,0.0003159965,0.0002362635,0.0003775078,0.0005712775,0.0002041609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005007615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005711537,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003258766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001709779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994821,0.0001036029,0.00004082851,0.0001474513,0.00017023,0.00005574559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996786,0.0000980932,0.00006859755,0.00004290372,0.00006318461,0.00004865515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001002885,0.0001670132,0.000763042,0.00005151626,0.00001093392,0.0000245721,0.00004246934,0.0003865915,0.9971226,0.00002018905,0.00002426143,0.001286399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000573505,0.002636932,0.006065204,0.00001139988,0.00006798425,0.0001501288,0.00007975545,0.006131422,0.9838535,0.00004351092,0.0008784913,0.00002432691],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956583,0.0001504516,0.003770181,0.00003176938,0.00001205589,0.00005428602,0.00008649223,0.00008420926,0.0001522708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809625,0.0002552649,0.017628,0.00004350902,0.00001352082,0.0001381288,0.0003210537,0.00001770485,0.000620285],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003258766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006479621,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01779552862916236,"score_gpt":0.2635428020781961,"score_spread":0.2457472734490338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}