{"id":"W1768021241","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.103.092001","title":"Observation of Single Top-Quark Production","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":315,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; York University; Simon Fraser University; University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council","keywords":"Physics; Tevatron; Collider Detector at Fermilab; Electroweak interaction; Particle physics; Fermilab; Nuclear physics; Quark; Muon; Collider; Sigma; Top quark; Standard Model (mathematical formulation); Pair production; Lepton; Production (economics); Electron; Large Hadron Collider","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004902715,0.00009797062,0.0002296715,0.000006815766,0.00003897833,0.000005899381,0.00007034103,0.000002092937,0.00002513174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008718814,0.00007856415,0.0001205262,0.0001562616,0.00006339447,0.0001079562,0.00001618113,0.0000488341,0.00003661266],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001192058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002569772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007016002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.011914e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999389,0.00002951191,0.0001623672,0.0001499043,0.0001302207,0.0001390204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996997,0.00002148763,0.00007586713,0.0001404509,0.00002689556,0.00003561336],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007726234,0.000556361,0.00253481,0.00007234333,0.00002528241,1.125183e-7,0.000128891,0.00003321558,0.9244711,0.04879704,0.001449137,0.02192396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001582593,0.0001375913,0.003686511,0.0005280843,0.00007936604,1.414286e-7,0.00002852908,0.0001531133,0.956315,0.03728336,0.00140957,0.0002204038],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897396,0.0006351941,0.0004261881,0.007511488,0.00004697601,0.0001639666,0.000002064197,0.00001644943,0.001458104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984548,0.00003713334,0.000130719,0.001056003,0.0002880059,0.00001499767,0.00000798014,0.000004429407,0.000005913392],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03184395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3203753,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02604901022983801,"score_gpt":0.2950418620563443,"score_spread":0.2689928518265062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}