{"id":"W1773927702","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v13i4.1305","title":"Beyond the net generation debate: A comparison between digital learners in face-to-face and virtual universities","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación","keywords":"Information and Communications Technology; Face-to-face; Psychology; Perception; Higher education; Mathematics education; Empirical research; Sample (material); Face (sociological concept); Pedagogy; Computer science; Sociology; Political science; Social science; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004611261,0.00006192285,0.0001569343,0.0001006051,0.0003189518,0.0002281457,0.000718879,0.00004696822,0.00003128266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001435147,0.00004289033,0.00001574559,0.0004002572,0.0004438576,0.0004610222,0.0006075424,0.0005014038,0.000007921628],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001922884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001063195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001475024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002024907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983717,0.0005527331,0.0001924219,0.0001134308,0.0005038969,0.0002658858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991929,0.0004857863,0.00007808182,0.00008651292,0.00008274724,0.00007396353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006363136,0.00008288861,0.9036624,0.00007361533,0.00003753203,0.000002544267,0.009185139,0.0001777795,0.00003867003,0.01866933,0.004892869,0.06311355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001754661,0.0003139879,0.4286734,0.004685966,0.0000269928,0.000007965772,0.4134696,0.001806954,0.0001668112,0.001264196,0.1474242,0.0004053027],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9697828,0.003528235,0.000136647,0.02149541,0.00004687197,0.0005331784,0.00003664335,0.000008260727,0.00443199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963616,0.002906177,0.00001418336,0.0001097181,0.00004607161,0.00000729037,0.00005541423,0.000003410064,0.0004961355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4749891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2453152,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09849330191303812,"score_gpt":0.4479279234117773,"score_spread":0.3494346214987392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}