{"id":"W1774311717","doi":"10.24908/pceea.v0i0.4922","title":"A Preliminary Study of the Design Approaches to Project Work Taken by Undergraduate Engineering Students","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)","topic":"Engineering Education and Pedagogy","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Capstone; Session (web analytics); Engineering design process; Aerospace; Process (computing); Work (physics); Engineering; Engineering management; Computer science; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01612266,0.0009172435,0.0007686613,0.002386201,0.003159325,0.00474928,0.002034668,0.001798794,0.002842538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06666116,0.001170702,0.0006914921,0.00203274,0.002035815,0.002685699,0.00280261,0.002989241,0.001223082],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002122388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002353102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001544284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003244719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9819809,0.0105078,0.001410682,0.001504362,0.003315745,0.001280442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9258676,0.041791,0.006786979,0.004497116,0.01334251,0.007714665],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001210956,0.01940435,0.2163218,0.001550214,0.00007219578,0.001437817,0.511674,0.001286069,0.02011738,0.002774182,0.002293269,0.2218578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004976041,0.03248927,0.3185877,0.000754757,0.00008164173,0.001648731,0.5763739,0.004563799,0.01149574,0.003314795,0.0498692,0.0003228076],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899949,0.0001696385,0.005815559,0.000218263,0.00001959712,0.0007700067,0.00007510489,0.00003999025,0.00289699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974323,0.0004063804,0.01848458,0.0003220109,0.00002950851,0.001636032,0.0002266613,0.0000341397,0.004537642],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01612266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08526576,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03449920189598411,"score_gpt":0.2243972304914638,"score_spread":0.1898980285954797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}