{"id":"W177721256","doi":"10.1201/9780203485330","title":"Flocculation in Natural and Engineered Environmental Systems","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Coagulation and Flocculation Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":180,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Natural phenomenon; Natural (archaeology); Phenomenon; Sampling (signal processing); Perspective (graphical); Engineering; Management science; Computer science; Engineering ethics; Geography; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000796142,0.000201513,0.0002129401,0.00007382804,0.00005223851,0.00002762513,0.00005696136,0.0001380175,0.001042049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005246995,0.0001882113,0.00003776676,0.0000468444,0.0001027197,0.0001183874,0.0001348568,0.0001560546,0.0002396809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001148253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001838667,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007460176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008634516,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989876,0.00001416019,0.0002631566,0.0003087868,0.0002851946,0.0001411231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997222,0.00002734144,0.00006680276,0.0001360764,0.000001366149,0.00004623576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001360185,0.0003524318,0.2202229,0.0003775495,0.0003281899,0.0001374279,0.007182878,0.6407999,0.002305321,0.02350212,0.06385691,0.04079838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00144972,0.00003122708,0.647086,0.0001125041,0.00003884438,0.00002737585,0.0001399728,0.04661545,0.000007906942,0.001337433,0.3022267,0.0009269344],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03257468,0.003157608,0.001064721,0.0001637463,0.0008737503,0.001439718,0.00003917425,0.0001695049,0.9605171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5556251,0.00003980917,0.00009029394,0.00003751554,0.00003864532,0.000009504101,0.0000869867,0.00001390193,0.4440582],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5941845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006408864790191552,"score_gpt":0.1865724169950085,"score_spread":0.1801635522048169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}