{"id":"W1780191814","doi":"10.22329/jtl.v5i1.125","title":"How Does Language Impact the Learning of Mathematics? Let Me Count the Ways","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Teaching and Learning","topic":"Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"","keywords":"Language of mathematics; Mathematical notation; Notation; Mathematics education; Computer science; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003897811,0.0003542014,0.0004329716,0.0009956885,0.001563838,0.007775326,0.0007628156,0.001383692,0.005624859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02262577,0.0001787586,0.0005154531,0.0008433914,0.007212475,0.008748832,0.004401291,0.001884708,0.0007643062],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001063572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001477325,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001691782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001533222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9925957,0.005298313,0.000148814,0.0004598392,0.001073039,0.0004242951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9868841,0.01051823,0.000917573,0.0004042955,0.000673159,0.000602726],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005652728,0.0007134309,0.08502667,0.002012423,0.0004331585,0.002225152,0.2540242,0.001513469,0.01464406,0.3014573,0.00973323,0.3276516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001628247,0.001866173,0.1197704,0.002959635,0.0007364593,0.002059577,0.2405611,0.002289516,0.01573471,0.3941293,0.2194381,0.0002920957],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7038581,0.01686907,0.01065295,0.06421707,0.0008268474,0.00005187805,0.0001302722,0.0001582602,0.2032356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870701,0.004747678,0.002108352,0.001973839,0.0001099732,0.00002768711,0.00001967558,0.00004403651,0.003898644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007775326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02061385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02440731564755875,"score_gpt":0.3612279546121726,"score_spread":0.3368206389646138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}