{"id":"W1796656753","doi":"10.5539/ells.v5n3p137","title":"An Investigation of Sources of Errors in the Use of Relative Clauses by English Majors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language and Literature Studies","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Relative clause; Computer science; Linguistics; Dependent clause; Natural language processing; Philosophy; Sentence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004774767,0.0001217775,0.0002756329,0.0001376133,0.00002843189,0.00002115499,0.0001044571,0.0001018446,0.00008977014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009819346,0.00008169834,0.00003829013,0.0003379559,0.0002319691,0.000329594,0.00002332002,0.0002349532,2.520185e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006020607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008825735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002896396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987343,0.0005335203,0.0002975028,0.000171332,0.0001472476,0.000116106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987928,0.0004055744,0.0002158517,0.0002201131,0.0003281938,0.00003746255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006153859,0.00004524134,0.01249296,0.00004297816,0.00009339754,0.00002733081,0.9816098,0.000006771326,0.0002751543,0.001367831,0.00362857,0.0003484869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006957237,0.0002660129,0.007423008,0.0001742517,0.00003959726,0.00000452603,0.9882162,0.000002603527,0.0008046518,0.00009739027,0.002173068,0.0001029401],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9361162,0.06282476,0.000001972122,0.00003399112,0.0001709275,0.0001188511,0.00005930609,0.0000180269,0.0006559981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989418,0.0000396309,0.0001941977,0.000392318,0.0001401659,0.00001057936,0.00006685987,0.000009478617,0.0002049849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06282561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3331562,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03493587731375464,"score_gpt":0.3165967801862166,"score_spread":0.2816609028724619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}