{"id":"W1813953826","doi":"10.1109/haptic.2002.998979","title":"Simulated interactive needle insertion","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Haptic technology; Planar; Computation; Computer science; Torque; Interactive simulation; Interface (matter); Virtual reality; Simulation; Computer graphics (images); Artificial intelligence; Physics; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002856433,0.0000420229,0.00004501766,0.00002960369,0.00001376537,0.0000187433,0.00001673144,0.00002448631,0.0007719856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001559726,0.00003716071,0.0000129099,0.00006228539,0.000002478935,0.00008090189,0.000001208065,0.00003404756,0.000360606],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002264692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003080992,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001244942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009954783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997773,0.00001001451,0.00007883958,0.00004023287,0.00003467173,0.00005893839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998854,0.00001305476,0.000004136556,0.00005624404,0.00001727642,0.00002391239],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001949125,0.0001205387,0.004708842,0.00007188406,0.0002261331,0.00001134245,0.0062265,0.7295279,0.1571307,0.06705085,0.02364101,0.01126478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008539378,0.00004170654,0.002978808,0.00002275374,0.000008212996,0.00001972494,0.001594721,0.7637846,0.07670201,0.0001676525,0.1534861,0.0003397301],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6130598,0.00003894138,0.02006537,0.00001655321,0.0005927078,0.00009566155,4.139737e-7,0.0004954747,0.3656351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982732,0.000001906902,0.0001636024,0.00005346793,0.00001551915,0.000001843866,0.00000154079,0.000007789015,0.001481157],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3852134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8452701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007473162024562983,"score_gpt":0.1965441328227365,"score_spread":0.1890709707981735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}