{"id":"W18383438","doi":"","title":"Urdu as a First Language: The Impact of Script on Reading in the L1 and English as a Second Language","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholars Commons (Wilfrid Laurier University)","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Urdu; Linguistics; Scripting language; Semitic languages; Psychology; Reading (process); Phonological awareness; Writing system; Literacy; Computer science; Arabic","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006415625,0.0003918103,0.0003058705,0.0006193533,0.0006604906,0.001926053,0.0003832364,0.0003552492,0.003447691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004114626,0.0001595389,0.0004374138,0.000502011,0.00114241,0.001014008,0.001234339,0.0007476873,0.0004098403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001207232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001753431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05832541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07613458,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990221,0.000218893,0.00004350864,0.0001770803,0.0003314387,0.0002069954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966335,0.001098949,0.001038425,0.0001837871,0.0003969647,0.0006484836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009136779,0.000552086,0.8948509,0.0001523425,0.0001000298,0.002350305,0.03965684,0.000131618,0.0151184,0.001110396,0.0003413375,0.04472212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006119652,0.0003683448,0.9886892,0.00004539552,0.00003883925,0.0006011329,0.007414564,0.0001524326,0.00165008,0.0002052195,0.0008130951,0.00001546629],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975265,0.0002065588,0.00003240489,0.00003243297,0.000002751685,0.000004033259,0.00001906007,0.000003406895,0.002172895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987026,0.0001058288,0.0000756662,0.00001754636,0.000001606334,0.000004012376,0.00003615512,0.000004942566,0.00105156],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05832541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1159719,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008624712373540054,"score_gpt":0.2592013229204077,"score_spread":0.2505766105468676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}