{"id":"W1865809967","doi":"10.1002/9780470682531.pat0090","title":"The Synthesis and Uses of Isotopically Labelled Amino and Quaternary Ammonium Salts","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Chemical Reactions and Isotopes","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Benzidine; Ammonium; Kinetic isotope effect; Chemistry; Quaternary; Kinetic energy; Isotope; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Deuterium; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001518165,0.0002058875,0.0003245828,0.0000598704,0.0001027414,0.00001867301,0.0001480306,0.0004487892,0.001395415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001035524,0.0001300667,0.00005277331,0.00005127335,0.0003553682,0.00001909504,0.0000796664,0.0003638527,0.000020094],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001012163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002342626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002066627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000184901,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991199,0.0001191982,0.0002366435,0.0002319246,0.00008265466,0.0002096331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985689,0.000977735,0.0001436224,0.0001712141,0.00002257926,0.0001159648],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005284428,0.0004012964,0.00779792,0.0002738344,0.0007595093,0.0000229111,0.0001071788,3.093932e-7,0.01981377,0.004343273,0.6862591,0.2796925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003397507,0.00005685803,0.000966992,0.00005268753,0.0001643068,0.00001288803,0.00002772668,0.00004577906,0.0285029,0.0002161884,0.9694498,0.0001641334],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.06940765,0.01203339,0.000015313,0.002939361,0.0005224108,0.0007046888,0.00009051673,0.0001712439,0.9141154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1313474,0.04754396,0.0004181467,0.0009805377,0.0003631196,0.00005673437,0.000007670334,0.0001452374,0.8191372],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2831907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05550404344534814,"score_gpt":0.3821177502662255,"score_spread":0.3266137068208773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}